Leo Tolstoy Estate Museum in Khamovniki в городе Moscow, Lev Tolstoy st., 21. Рейтинг 9.05 на основе 19 отзывов. Посмотрите все интересные места города Moscow на RUSSPASS. Подробная информация: описание, фотографии, отзывы, карта проезда, часы работы и похожие места.

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6 26 Ptichka

Hamovniki

Moscow

<p>“Khamovniki” is a historic Moscow estate that Leo Tolstoy bought in 1882. The writer lived here with his family for 19 winters, until spring 1901, while spending summers at his Yasnaya Polyana estate. Ten of Tolstoy’s thirteen children resided in Moscow at this home: daughters Tatiana, Maria, and Alexandra, and sons Sergei, Ilya, Leo, Andrei, Mikhail, Alexei, and Vanechka. It was in the Khamovniki house that Tolstoy wrote approximately a hundred works, including his novel “Resurrection”, stories “The Death of Ivan Ilyich,” “Kreutzer Sonata”, “Father Sergius”. Since 1921, the house located at what is now 21 Leo Tolstoy Street has operated as a memorial museum and forms part of the Leo Tolstoy State Museum.</p>

Lev Tolstoy priobrel staruyu usadbu v Hamovnikah v 1882 godu. Ona otnositsya k tem redkim moskovskim postroykam, kotorye chastichno perezhili pozhar 1812 goda. V konce XIX veka rayon vovse ne byl prestizhnym. Imenie so vseh storon okruzhali zavody i fabriki, no ono priglyanulos semeystvu svoim obshirnym sadom.

Na protyazhenii 19 let Tolstye zimovali zdes, a na leto vozvrashchalis v Yasnuyu Polyanu. Vzroslym detyam pora bylo postupat v universitet ili gimnaziyu i vyhodit v svet. V Moskve vmeste s roditelyami prozhivali 10 iz 13 detey supruzheskoy chety.

Muzeefikaciya usadby proizoshla dovolno rano -- uzhe v 1921 godu po lichnomu rasporyazheniyu Vladimira Lenina. Eto vazhneyshee mesto v zhizni pisatelya. V etih stenah on sochinil okolo 100 proizvedeniy, vklyuchaya takie izvestnye veshchi, kak «Voskresenie», «Kreycerova sonata» i «Smert Ivana Ilicha».

Obustroystvom glavnogo doma suprugi zanimalis lichno. Pered usadboy razbit sad s fligelem, besedkoy dlya chaepitiy i konyushney. Iz sosednego saraya otpechatannye v tipografii izdaniya rassylalis po podpischikam. Posle smerti pisatelya Sofya Tolstaya lichno provela opis mnogochislennyh predmetov. Segodnya v kollekciyu vhodit bolee shesti tysyach podlinnikov.

V 16 komnatah carit atmosfera konca XIX veka. Po sobraniyu mozhno vossozdat semeynyy byt. V peredney visit shuba Tolstogo, v rabochey komnate lezhat nakolotye im drova, v kabinete -- pisatelskie prinadlezhnosti. V detskoy sohranilis igrushki, v spalne -- odeyala, rasshitye materyu semeystva, v komnate starshey docheri -- ee rukodelie. Sredi predmetov iskusstva posetiteli mogut uvidet semeynye portrety i illyustracii k proizvedeniyam pisatelya. Odin iz samyh neobychnyh eksponatov -- shkura medvedicy, kotoraya napala na molodogo Tolstogo na ohote.

V glavnoy gostinoy na vtorom etazhe suprugi prinimali druzey. V dome byvali Fedor Shalyapin, Sergey Rahmaninov, Vladimir Solovev, Aleksandr Ostrovskiy i drugie znamenitye sovremenniki.

Memorialnyy muzey segodnya predstaet pered gostyami v obnovlennom vide. V 2025 godu zavershilas osnovatelnaya restavraciya. Specialisty vosstanovili elementy dekora, izrazcovye pechi, parket, vossozdali istoricheskie oboi i otremontirovali reznoy zabor.

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Leo Tolstoy Estate Museum in Khamovniki

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