Red Square в городе Moscow у метро Ohotnyy Ryad, Red Square. Рейтинг 9.88 на основе 16 отзывов. Посмотрите все интересные места города Moscow на RUSSPASS. Подробная информация: описание, фотографии, отзывы, карта проезда, часы работы и похожие места.

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Moscow

<p>The central square of Moscow and one of the most recognizable symbols of Russia. It began to form in the 15th century and over a long history has served as a place of trade, the announcement of royal decrees, demonstrations and parades. The architectural ensemble of the square has been developing for centuries. The Kremlin, St. Basil's Cathedral, the Historical Museum, GUM, the Mausoleum — each of the buildings has become a monument of its era and part of the unique look of the heart of the capital. Today, Red Square remains a place for folk festivals, a mandatory point of tourist programs and an important location of the city's life. Various festivals and fairs are regularly held here, and in winter there is a large ice rink.</p>

Ohotnyy Ryad

Centralnaya ploshchad goroda i odna iz samyh glavnyh dostoprimechatelnostey Moskvy. V konce pyatnadcatogo veka na vershine holma, u nedavno postroennyh kirpichnyh sten Kremlya, po ukazu carya Ivana tretego poyavilas novaya ploshchad. Territoriyu raschistili ot zhilyh i sluzhebnyh postroek, razreshiv tolko torgovuyu zonu. So vremenem ploshchad stala nazyvatsya Torgom ili Velikim Torgom. 

Posle krupnogo pozhara 1571 goda territoriyu stali nazyvat Pozharom, a stroitelstvo derevyannyh lavok zapretili. K 1598 godu zdaniya byli polnostyu zameneny dvuhetazhnymi kamennymi domami, obrazovavshimi Verhnie, Srednie i Nizhnie torgovye ryady. Nazvanie «Krasnaya» oficialno zakrepilos posle ukaza carya Alekseya Mihaylovicha i stalo poyavlyatsya v dokumentah s 1661 goda.

Samym drevnim sohranivshimsya sooruzheniem na ploshchadi yavlyaetsya Lobnoe mesto, raspolozhennoe na yuzhnom nevysokom holme. Iznachalno ono predstavlyalo soboy kirpichnyy pomost s derevyannoy reshetkoy, navesom i shatrom na stolbah. V konce shestnadcatogo veka pomost byl perestroen iz kamnya.

Na ploshchadi takzhe raspolozhen unikalnyy pamyatnik arhitektury serediny shestnadcatogo veka -- sobor Pokrova Presvyatoy Bogorodicy, chto na Rvu. Hram sochetaet v sebe osnovnye cherty kamennogo zodchestva srednevekovoy Moskvy.

V 1818 godu skulptor Ivan Martos predstavil proekt pamyatnika Mininu i Pozharskomu -- lideram Vtorogo narodnogo opolcheniya. Etot monument byl ustanovlen v centre Krasnoy ploshchadi i ostavalsya tam do 1936 goda. Po zamyslu Martosa, Minin ukazyval na Kreml, zanyatyy vragom, simvoliziruya osvobozhdenie stolicy narodnym opolcheniem. Odnako posle 1920 goda pamyatnik perenesli blizhe k Pokrovskomu soboru, gde on nahoditsya i v nashi dni, zavershaya novuyu arhitekturnuyu kompoziciyu.

S 1872 goda po ukazu Aleksandra Vtorogo s severa ploshchadi raspolozhen Gosudarstvennyy istoricheskiy muzey. Zdanie, postroennoe po proektu Vladimira Shervuda i inzhenera Anatoliya Semenova, yavlyaetsya obektom kulturnogo naslediya. V 29 zalah predstavlena istoriya Rossii ot drevnih vremen do nachala dvadcatogo veka.

Vozle Kremlevskoy steny raspolozhen memorialnyy nekropol -- mesto zahoroneniya vydayushchihsya sovetskih gosudarstvennyh i partiynyh liderov, a takzhe izvestnyh deyateley nauki i kultury.

V 1924 godu posle smerti Vladimira Lenina na Krasnoy ploshchadi byla vozvedena vremennaya derevyannaya usypalnica, a v 1930 godu postroili granitnoe zdanie po proektu arhitektora Alekseya Shchuseva. Mavzoley oborudovan pravitelstvennoy tribunoy, na kotoroy prohodili vazhneyshie sobytiya. Vo vremya Velikoy Otechestvennoy voyny ploshchad i Mavzoley maskirovali. A 7 noyabrya 1941 goda tam sostoyalsya legendarnyy voennyy parad s frontovym vyhodom sovetskih voysk.

K Krasnoy ploshchadi v 1924 godu byla prisoedinena Vasilevskaya. S 1995 goda ona imenuetsya Vasilevskim spuskom.

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